Ammonium Hydroxide 29% Technical Grade

Product Identifier

Ammonium Hydroxide 29% Technical Grade

Grade

Technical Grade

Concentration

29%

CAS Number

1336-21-6

Manufacturer

Alliance Chemical
204 South Edmond Street, Taylor, TX 76574

Emergency Phone

Chemtel 1-800-255-3924 (24/7)

Synonyms

Aqua ammonia; aqueous ammonia; ammonia water; ammonium hydrate; 26 °Bé ammonia

Recommended Use

Industrial cleaning and degreasing; pH adjustment; water treatment (chloramination); metal and textile processing.

Restrictions on Use

Never mix with bleach (sodium hypochlorite) or other chlorine products: this forms toxic chloramine gas and can form explosive nitrogen trichloride. For industrial, professional and laboratory use.

Classification

• Corrosive to metals, Category 1
• Acute toxicity (oral), Category 4
• Skin corrosion/irritation, Category 1
• Serious eye damage/eye irritation, Category 1
• Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure, Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)
• Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard, Category 1 †

† GHS environmental hazard class; not adopted under OSHA HCS (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

• H290May be corrosive to metals
• H302Harmful if swallowed
• H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
• H335May cause respiratory irritation
• H400Very toxic to aquatic life

Precautionary Statements

• P234Keep only in original packaging.
• P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors or spray.
• P261Avoid breathing dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors or spray.
• P264Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling.
• P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
• P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
• P273Avoid release to the environment.
• P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye/face protection.
• P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor if you feel unwell.
• P301+P330+P331IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
• P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
• P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
• P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
• P310Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor.
• P321Specific treatment (see first-aid information on this label).
• P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
• P390Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
• P391Collect spillage.
• P403+P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
• P405Store locked up.
• P406Store in a corrosion resistant container with a resistant inner liner.
• P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national, and international regulations.

Classification, hazard (H) and precautionary (P) statements and pictograms per OSHA HCS 2024 (29 CFR 1910.1200, Appendices A–C), aligned with GHS Rev. 7.

Concentrations are nominal; lot-specific values appear on the Certificate of Analysis. Components not contributing to classification are omitted.

Eyes

Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Seek medical attention immediately.

Skin

Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. Wash with soap. Get medical attention immediately.

Inhalation

Move person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Get medical attention immediately.

Ingestion

Do Not Induce Vomiting! Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If conscious, wash out mouth with water. Get medical attention immediately.

Most Important Symptoms and Effects

• Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes; eye contact may cause permanent damage including blindness; ingestion burns the mouth, throat and stomach.
• Inhalation may irritate the nose, throat and respiratory tract (coughing, sore throat).
• Ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain; larger amounts may cause systemic poisoning.

Immediate Medical Attention and Special Treatment

• Immediate medical attention is required after eye or skin contact or ingestion; tissue damage may continue after exposure ends.

Suitable Extinguishing Media

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray. Use water spray to cool containers.

Unsuitable Extinguishing Media

Do not use a solid water stream as it may scatter and spread fire.

Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical

Fire may release corrosive and toxic gases. Containers may rupture when heated.

Protective Equipment

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

Hazardous Combustion Products

Ammonia gas when heated; above about 315 °C (600 °F) ammonia dissociates to hydrogen and nitrogen; nitrogen oxides in a fire.

Personal Precautions

Use PPE as described in Section 8. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Hazard-Specific Precautions

Do not touch spilled material without protective equipment. Neutralize residue only with a method suitable for the material, then collect.

Environmental Precautions

Prevent leakage or spillage from entering drains, sewers, or waterways.

Containment & Cleanup

Absorb with inert material. Collect in appropriate waste container. Dispose per applicable regulations.

Safe Handling

Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Keep container closed when not in use.

Safe Storage

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Use corrosion-resistant containers. Keep away from incompatible materials (see Section 10). Keep containers tightly closed.

Specific Storage Precautions

Store tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated area out of sunlight; open containers slowly, as pressure may build up. Use steel or polyethylene, never copper, brass, bronze, zinc or galvanized fittings. Keep away from bleach, acids and halogens.

Occupational Exposure Limits

Engineering Controls

Use adequate ventilation. Provide eyewash stations and quick-drench showers accessible to areas of use.

Eye/Face Protection

Wear chemical safety goggles or face shield.

Skin Protection

Wear chemical-resistant gloves and protective clothing.

Respiratory Protection

Where mist, spray or dust is generated (e.g., spraying, atomization, pressure washing), use a NIOSH-approved half-face air-purifying respirator with combination acid gas / P100 cartridges. Ensure local exhaust ventilation.

Exposure limits sourced from NIOSH Pocket Guide, OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1000 and ACGIH TLVs.

Appearance

Clear, colorless liquid

Odor

Intense, pungent, suffocating ammonia odor

Odor Threshold

2–50 ppm (as ammonia)

pH

> 12 (about 13)

Melting Point / Freezing Point

-79 to -72 °C (-110 to -98 °F), freezing point (aqueous solution)

Boiling Point

27 to 32 °C (81 to 90 °F) (aqueous solution)

Flash Point

Not applicable

Evaporation Rate

No data available

Flammability (solid, gas)

No data available

Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits

Ammonia vapor: LEL 15% / UEL 28% (v/v in air); hard to ignite

Vapor Pressure

9.1 psia (627 hPa, 470 mmHg) at 15.6 °C (60 °F)

Vapor Density

No data available

Relative Density

0.90 at 15.6 °C (water = 1)

Solubility

Completely miscible with water

Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water)

No data available

Auto-ignition Temperature

No data available

Decomposition Temperature

No data available

Viscosity

No data available

Particle Characteristics

Not applicable

Form

Liquid

Density

0.90 (29% w/w aqueous solution, 20 °C)

Values shown reflect product-specific canonical data. Lot-specific ranges may vary; see the Certificate of Analysis for the shipped lot.

Reactivity

May be corrosive to metals.

Chemical Stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Possibility of Hazardous Reactions

None under normal processing conditions.

Conditions to Avoid

Heat and direct sunlight: ammonia gas is released and pressure builds in closed containers. Contact with incompatible materials.

Incompatible Materials

Bleach and other hypochlorites, chlorine, bromine and iodine (toxic chloramines and explosive compounds); mercury, silver and silver oxide, gold (explosive compounds); strong acids (violent, heat); strong oxidizers. Corrodes copper, brass, bronze, zinc, galvanized surfaces and aluminum alloys.

Hazardous Decomposition Products

Ammonia gas when heated; above about 315 °C (600 °F) ammonia dissociates to hydrogen and nitrogen; nitrogen oxides in a fire.

See below for route-specific acute toxicity data.

Likely Routes of Exposure

Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion.

Symptoms

• Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes; eye contact may cause permanent damage including blindness; ingestion burns the mouth, throat and stomach.
• Inhalation may irritate the nose, throat and respiratory tract (coughing, sore throat).
• Ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain; larger amounts may cause systemic poisoning.

Delayed and Chronic Effects

• No delayed or chronic effects identified beyond the classification in Section 2.

Carcinogen Classification

Aquatic Hazard

• H400Very toxic to aquatic life

Ecotoxicity

Fish LC50: ~ 0.024 mg/L (48 h, Lepomis macrochirus — driven by un-ionized NH₃ (pH/temp dependent); range 0.024–0.093 mg/L)

Persistence & Degradability

Not applicable (inorganic; NH₃ ⇌ NH₄⁺ equilibrium). Toxicity from un-ionized ammonia, rising with pH and temperature.

Bioaccumulative Potential

Not Available

Mobility in Soil

Not Available

Dispose of contents/container in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations. Do not dispose of into drains or waterways.

EPA RCRA Waste Codes

D002 (corrosive, pH ≥ 12.5, 40 CFR 261.22). Not a P- or U-listed waste.

If discarded, this material may be a corrosive hazardous waste (EPA RCRA D002, 40 CFR 261.22): aqueous with pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 12.5, or a liquid that corrodes steel at more than 6.35 mm per year. The waste generator must make the final hazardous-waste determination.

US DOT (49 CFR)

UN Number

UN2672

Proper Shipping Name

Ammonia solution, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 degrees C in water, with more than 10 percent but not more than 35 percent ammonia

Hazard Class

8

Packing Group

III

Additional US DOT Requirements

Bulk packaging over 119 gal (for example a 275-gal tote): Marine Pollutant (ammonia solution, 10–35% ammonia, 49 CFR 172.101 Appendix B). Non-bulk packages by highway or rail are excepted from the marine-pollutant requirements (49 CFR 171.4(c)).

Environmental Hazards

Meets GHS aquatic-hazard criteria; may be a marine pollutant under the IMDG Code (vessel transport).

IMDG / IATA classifications may differ from US DOT. Verify current regulations before international shipment.

CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ)

Ammonium hydroxide (CAS 1336-21-6) 1,000 lb (454 kg). EPCRA: ammonia (CAS 7664-41-7) is a section 302 extremely hazardous substance (TPQ 500 lb) and a section 313 (TRI) chemical; 10% of aqueous ammonia counts toward TRI thresholds.

SARA 311/312 hazard categories correspond to the GHS classification in Section 2. Data retrieved as of: California Proposition 65 2026-10-02; US EPA TSCA Active Inventory 2026-10-02; EPCRA SARA 313 (TRI) 2026-10-02.

Revision Date

2026-10-07

Format

16-section format per OSHA HCS 2024 (29 CFR 1910.1200, Appendix D), aligned with GHS Rev. 7.