Sodium Hypochlorite 5.25%

Product Identifier

Sodium Hypochlorite 5.25%

Grade

Technical

Concentration

5.25%

CAS Number

7681-52-9

Molecular Weight

74.44 g/mol

Manufacturer

Alliance Chemical
204 South Edmond Street, Taylor, TX 76574

Emergency Phone

Chemtel 1-800-255-3924 (24/7)

Synonyms

Bleach; liquid bleach; sodium oxychloride; hypochlorous acid, sodium salt

Recommended Use

Bleaching, cleaning and oxidizing agent; odor control.

Restrictions on Use

Never mix with acids, ammonia or other cleaning products: this releases toxic chlorine or chloramine gas. Not a registered disinfectant: make no disinfecting or sanitizing claims.

Classification

• Corrosive to metals, Category 1
• Skin corrosion/irritation, Category 1
• Serious eye damage/eye irritation, Category 1
• Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard, Category 1 †
• Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard, Category 2 †

† GHS environmental hazard class; not adopted under OSHA HCS (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

• EUH031Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
• H290May be corrosive to metals
• H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
• H400Very toxic to aquatic life
• H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary Statements

• P234Keep only in original packaging.
• P260Do not breathe dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors or spray.
• P264Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling.
• P273Avoid release to the environment.
• P280Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye/face protection.
• P301+P330+P331IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
• P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water or shower.
• P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
• P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
• P310Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor.
• P313Get medical advice or attention.
• P321Specific treatment (see first-aid information on this label).
• P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
• P390Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
• P391Collect spillage.
• P405Store locked up.
• P406Store in a corrosion resistant container with a resistant inner liner.
• P501Dispose of contents and container in accordance with local, regional, national, and international regulations.

Classification, hazard (H) and precautionary (P) statements and pictograms per OSHA HCS 2024 (29 CFR 1910.1200, Appendices A–C), aligned with GHS Rev. 7.

Concentrations are nominal; lot-specific values appear on the Certificate of Analysis. Components not contributing to classification are omitted.

Eyes

Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Seek medical attention immediately.

Skin

Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. Wash with soap. Get medical attention immediately.

Inhalation

Move person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Get medical attention immediately.

Ingestion

Do Not Induce Vomiting! Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If conscious, wash out mouth with water. Get medical attention immediately.

Most Important Symptoms and Effects

• Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes; eye contact may cause permanent damage including blindness; ingestion burns the mouth, throat and stomach.

Immediate Medical Attention and Special Treatment

• Immediate medical attention is required after eye or skin contact or ingestion; tissue damage may continue after exposure ends.

Suitable Extinguishing Media

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray. Use water spray to cool containers.

Unsuitable Extinguishing Media

Do not use a solid water stream as it may scatter and spread fire.

Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical

Fire may release corrosive and toxic gases. Containers may rupture when heated.

Protective Equipment

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

Hazardous Combustion Products

Chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride, hypochlorous acid and oxygen. Contact with acids releases chlorine gas.

Personal Precautions

Use PPE as described in Section 8. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Hazard-Specific Precautions

Do not touch spilled material without protective equipment. Neutralize residue only with a method suitable for the material, then collect.

Environmental Precautions

Prevent leakage or spillage from entering drains, sewers, or waterways.

Containment & Cleanup

Absorb with inert material. Collect in appropriate waste container. Dispose per applicable regulations.

Safe Handling

Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Keep container closed when not in use.

Safe Storage

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Use corrosion-resistant containers. Keep away from incompatible materials (see Section 10). Keep containers tightly closed.

Specific Storage Precautions

Store out of direct sunlight in a cool area, in the original vented container. Keep away from acids, ammonia and organic materials. Strength declines with time and heat.

Occupational Exposure Limits

Engineering Controls

Use adequate ventilation. Provide eyewash stations and quick-drench showers accessible to areas of use.

Eye/Face Protection

Wear chemical safety goggles or face shield.

Skin Protection

Wear chemical-resistant gloves and protective clothing.

Respiratory Protection

Where mist, spray or dust is generated (e.g., spraying, atomization, pressure washing), use a NIOSH-approved half-face air-purifying respirator with combination acid gas / P100 cartridges. Ensure local exhaust ventilation.

Exposure limits sourced from NIOSH Pocket Guide, OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1000 and ACGIH TLVs.

Appearance

Pale yellow-green liquid

Odor

Chlorine (bleach) odor

Odor Threshold

0.3 ppm (as chlorine)

pH

11–13.5

Melting Point / Freezing Point

Not characterized for the 5.25% solution

Boiling Point

About 100 °C (212 °F), decomposes

Flash Point

Not applicable

Evaporation Rate

No data available

Flammability (solid, gas)

No data available

Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits

No data available

Vapor Pressure

12–17.5 mmHg at 20 °C (water vapor)

Vapor Density

No data available

Relative Density

1.07–1.08 at 20 °C (water = 1)

Solubility

Completely miscible with water

Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water)

No data available

Auto-ignition Temperature

No data available

Decomposition Temperature

No data available

Viscosity

No data available

Particle Characteristics

Not applicable

Form

Liquid solution

Color

Clear/Greenish Yellow

Density

1.08 (5.25% w/w aqueous solution, 20 °C)

Values shown reflect product-specific canonical data. Lot-specific ranges may vary; see the Certificate of Analysis for the shipped lot.

Reactivity

May be corrosive to metals.

Chemical Stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Possibility of Hazardous Reactions

None under normal processing conditions.

Conditions to Avoid

Heat, direct sunlight and ultraviolet light (speed decomposition and strength loss), freezing, and contact with incompatible materials.

Incompatible Materials

Acids (release toxic chlorine gas); ammonia and ammonium compounds (form chloramines); reducing agents; hydrogen peroxide; organic and combustible materials; metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt and iron (speed decomposition).

Hazardous Decomposition Products

Chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride, hypochlorous acid and oxygen. Contact with acids releases chlorine gas.

See below for route-specific acute toxicity data.

Likely Routes of Exposure

Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion.

Symptoms

• Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes; eye contact may cause permanent damage including blindness; ingestion burns the mouth, throat and stomach.

Delayed and Chronic Effects

• No delayed or chronic effects identified beyond the classification in Section 2.

Carcinogen Classification

Aquatic Hazard

• H400Very toxic to aquatic life
• H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Ecotoxicity

Algae ErC50: 0.036 mg/L (72 h, Green algae); Daphnia EC50: 0.141 mg/L (48 h, Daphnia magna); Fish LC50: 0.58 mg/L (96 h, Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill sunfish)); Algae NOEC (chronic): 0.005 mg/L (72 h, Green algae (NOEC))

Persistence & Degradability

Not applicable (inorganic; reactive oxidizer, decomposes rapidly). Very toxic to aquatic life (algae M-factor 10).

Bioaccumulative Potential

Not Available

Mobility in Soil

Not Available

Dispose of contents/container in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations. Do not dispose of into drains or waterways.

EPA RCRA Waste Codes

D002 (corrosive) when the waste has a pH of 12.5 or more (40 CFR 261.22). Not a P- or U-listed waste.

If discarded, this material may be a corrosive hazardous waste (EPA RCRA D002, 40 CFR 261.22): aqueous with pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 12.5, or a liquid that corrodes steel at more than 6.35 mm per year. The waste generator must make the final hazardous-waste determination.

US DOT (49 CFR)

UN Number

UN1791

Proper Shipping Name

Hypochlorite solutions

Hazard Class

8

Packing Group

III

Additional US DOT Requirements

Bulk packaging over 119 gal (for example 275- and 330-gal totes): Marine Pollutant (sodium hypochlorite, 49 CFR 172.101 Appendix B). A package containing 100 lb or more of sodium hypochlorite (about 1,900 lb or 225 gal of 5.25% solution, so 275- and 330-gal totes) is a hazardous substance: UN1791, Hypochlorite solutions, 8, III, RQ (Sodium hypochlorite). Non-bulk packages by highway or rail are excepted from the marine-pollutant requirements (49 CFR 171.4(c)).

Environmental Hazards

Meets GHS aquatic-hazard criteria; may be a marine pollutant under the IMDG Code (vessel transport).

IMDG / IATA classifications may differ from US DOT. Verify current regulations before international shipment.

CERCLA Reportable Quantity (RQ)

Sodium hypochlorite (CAS 7681-52-9) 100 lb (45.4 kg), about 1,900 lb or 225 US gal of 5.25% solution; sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) 1000 lb (454 kg).

SARA 311/312 hazard categories correspond to the GHS classification in Section 2. Data retrieved as of: California Proposition 65 2026-10-02; US EPA TSCA Active Inventory 2026-10-02; EPCRA SARA 313 (TRI) 2026-10-02.

Revision Date

2026-10-08

Format

16-section format per OSHA HCS 2024 (29 CFR 1910.1200, Appendix D), aligned with GHS Rev. 7.